L. Ron Hubbard - muvambi weSainology
Lafayette Ronald Hubbard (L. Ron Hubbard) akazvarwa munaKurume 13, 1911 muTilden, Nebraska. Mumakore ekuma1930 nema1940 akazove munyori akakurumbira wesainzi. Akazivisa pachena pagungano rekunyepa resainzi… 'kana murume achinyatsoda kuita miriyoni yemadhora, nzira yakanaka ndeye kutanga chitendero chake. Pakupedzisira, aizove muvambi wechitendero cheScientology. Muna 1950, akaburitsa bhuku Dianetics: Sayenzi Yemazuva ano Yehutano hwePfungwa. Akasanganisa Chechi yeSainology yeCalifornia muna 1954.
Hubbard aizivikanwa nekuwedzera kwake uye kunyepa chaiko. Akaudza vanhu kuti aive muAsia, panguva yaainyanya kuenda kuchikoro chepamusoro muAmerica. Akazviti akakuvadzwa, akaremara, akapofumadzwa, uye anonzi akafa kaviri muHondo yechipiri. Hapana kana chimwe cheichi chakaitika. Akataura kuti akagamuchira dzidzo yepamusoro iyo yaakange asati awana. Akazvitumidza seyenyukiliya yefizikisi, asi akatadza yake imwechete yekirasi mune fizikisi. Akatora degree kubva kuColumbian College, asi degree iri harina kumbobvira rasimbiswa.
Hubbard aive akakurisa, achiroora mukadzi wake wechipiri achiri kuchata nemukadzi wake wekutanga. Akapomerwa mukadzi wake wechipiri kurohwa uye kurova. Akabira mwana wavo ndokutizira kuCuba, ndokuraira mukadzi wake kuti vazviuraya. Aive asangana naye apo vese vari vaviri vaibatanidzwa neboka rePasadena remidzimu rinotungamirirwa naJack Parsons. Jack Parsons aive muteveri waAlister Crowley, aive achitungamira satanist, huroyi uye n’anga nhema.
Paainyora bhuku rake Dianetics, Hubbard akati anoshandisa zviwanikwa zvinotevera: murume wekurapa weGoldi vanhu veManchuria, shamans yeNorth Borneo, Sioux mishonga yekurapa, dzakasiyana-siyana zvitendero zveLos Angeles, uye psychology yemazuva ano. (Martin 352-355) Hubbard akati aive nengirozi yakanaka yekuchengetedza ine vhudzi bvudzi nemapapiro yaakadana kuti 'Mambokadzi.' Akataura kuti akamutungamira kuburikidza nehupenyu uye akamuponesa kazhinji (Miller 153).
Hubbard akaudza vanhu kuti aive atambira menduru makumi maviri nemumwe kubva kunguva yake musoja; zvisinei, iye aive achangogamuchira menduru ina dzemaitiro (Miller 144. Aizivikanwa nekuve ane masimba masimba, uye achifungidzira munhu wese aive pedyo naye. Aive paranoid uye achifungidzira kuti CIA yaive ichimutevera (Miller 216. Muna 1951, iyo New Jersey Board of Medical Examiners yakatanga matanho okumupomera yekudzidzisa mushonga pasina rezinesi (Miller 226).
Hubbard akagadzira cosmology iyo yaiti iye munhu chaiye aive asingafi, anoziva zvese, uye ane masimba ese anonzi 'thetan,' anga aripo nguva yekutanga isati yasvika, uye akatora ndokurasa mamirioni emitumbi pamusoro pematirioni. makore (Miller 214. Zvakafanana nezvimwe zvitendero kana masekete; Sayenzi inopa runyararo kuburikidza nemashiripiti kana ruzivo rwechakavanzika. Hubbard pachake akatonga Sayenzi, uye akazviti anodzora pane kwakavanzika ruzivo (Miller 269). KuScientologists, Hubbard ndiye 'munyori ane mukurumbira pasi rose, mudzidzisi, muongorori, anoongorora, anobatsira vanhu, uye muzivi.' Nekudaro, vanhu vazhinji vanonzwisisa zvakajeka kuti aive murume wekunyepa ainyepa uye akashandisa mukana wevanhu vazhinji (Rhode 154).
ZVINOKOSHA:
Martin, Walter. Humambo hweVatendi. Minneapolis: Bethany House, 2003.
Miller, Russell. Bare-Akatarisana naMesiya. London: Sphere Books Limited, 1987
Rhode, Ron. Dambudziko reVatendi uye Zvitendero zvitsva. Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2001.