L. Ron Hubbard - ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu i kaʻepekema
Ua hānau ʻia ʻo Lafayette Ronald Hubbard (L. Ron Hubbard) ma ka lā 13 Malaki 1911 ma Tilden, Nebraska. I nā makahiki 1930 a me 1940 ua lilo ʻo ia i mea kākau moʻolelo ʻepekema kaulana. Ua hoʻolaha ākea ʻo ia ma kahi ʻaha nauka ʻepekema ... 'inā makemake maoli ke kāne e hana i hoʻokahi miliona kālā, ʻo ke ala maikaʻi e hoʻomaka ai i kāna hoʻomana ponoʻī. Ma ka hopena, lilo ʻo ia i hoʻokumu i ka hoʻomana o Scientology. I ka makahiki 1950, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻo ia i ka puke Nā Dianetics: He ʻĀpana Hou o ke ola noʻonoʻo. ^ E Ha yM. Ua hoʻokomo ʻo ia i ka Church of Scientology o Kaleponi i ka makahiki 1954.
Hana kaulana ʻo Hubbard no kāna mea hoʻonui a hoʻopunipuni maikaʻi loa. Ua haʻi ʻo ia i nā kānaka ma ʻAsia, ʻoiai ʻo ia i hele i ke kula kiʻekiʻe ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia ua loaʻa ʻo ia, ua kīwī, ua makapō, ua ʻōlelo ʻelua make i ke Kaua Honua II. ʻAʻohe mea i hana ʻia. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia ua loaʻa iā ia ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka loaʻa ʻole mai iā ia. Ua kapa ʻo ia iā ia iho he lāʻau olakino niʻi, akā ua hōʻole ʻo ia i ka papa hoʻokahi a hoʻokahi wale nō ma ka physics. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia he keke mai Columbian College akā ʻaʻole naʻe i hōʻoia ʻia kēia kēlea.
He kanaka nui ʻo Hubbard i ka mare ʻana o kāna wahine lua ma ke ʻano o kāna male ʻana i kāna wahine mua. Ua hoʻopiʻi ʻia ʻo ia e kāna wahine lua o ka hahau a me ka ʻano. Piʻi wale aku la i kā lāua keiki a holo aku i Kuba, ma ke aʻo ʻana i kāna wahine e pepehi iā lākou. Ua hālāwai ʻo ia me i ka hui ʻana o lāua ʻelua me kahi hui kulekele Pasadena i alakaʻi ʻia e Jack Parsons. He mea hoʻopiʻi ʻo Jack Parsons iā Alister Crowley, kahi mea i alakaʻi nui ai iā Sātana, mea kilokilo, a me ka ʻenekia ʻeleʻele.
Ke kākau nei i kāna puke ʻO Dianetics, ʻ Hublelo ʻo Hubbard ua hoʻohana ʻo ia i nā kumuwaiwai aʻe: ke kanaka lapaʻau kanaka o ka poʻe Goldi o Manchuria, nā shamans o North Borneo, nā lāʻau lapaʻau Sioux, nā ʻano like ʻole o Los Angeles, a me ka psychology o kēia wā. ((Matini 352-355) Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Hubbard he ʻānela kiaʻi nani nona me ka lauoho ʻulaʻula a me nā ʻēheu āna i kapa ai ʻo 'The Empress.' Ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia ua alakaʻi ʻo ia iā ia i ke ola a mālama iā ia i nā manawa he nui (Miller 153).
ʻ toldlelo aku ʻo Hubbard i nā poʻe ua loaʻa iā ia nā iwakāluakūmākahi mai kona manawa i ka mokuahi; akā naʻe, ua loaʻa wale iā ia i ʻehā mau mekala maʻamau.Miller 144). Ua kaulana ʻo ia no ka mea kākau, a ua kānalua i nā mea a pau e puni iā ia. He paranoid kona i hopohopo nei e hahai ana ka CIA ia ia.Miller 216). I ka makahiki 1951, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka ʻaha kūkā o nā Haukapila o New Jersey e hana iā ia no ke aʻo ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau me ka ʻole laikini (Miller 226).
Ua hana ʻo Hubbard i kahi cosmology nāna i ʻōlelo ʻo ke kino maoli o ke kanaka he mea make ʻole, ʻike maka, a mana loa i kapa ʻia he 'thetan,' i noho ʻia ma mua o ka hoʻomaka o ka manawa, a ua lawe a hoʻolei ʻia i mau miliona o nā kino ma kahi o nā trillion o makahiki (Miller 214). E like me nā loina a me nā sekene; Hāʻawi ka ʻepekema ʻepekema i ka loaʻa ma o ka ʻike occult a i ʻole ʻike pilikino. Ua ʻae ʻo Hubbard iā Scientology, a ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia he monopoli ma ke kumu o ka ʻike huna.Miller 269). I nā kānaka ʻepekema, ʻo Hubbard ka 'mea kākau nui loa o ka honua, mea aʻo, mea noiʻi, mea ʻimi, mea aloha kanaka, a me nā akeakamai.' Eia naʻe, maopopo maopopo ka hapanui o ka poʻe he kāne wahaheʻe ʻo ia a hoʻohana i nā poʻe he nui (Rode 154).
KANAKA:
Martin, Walter. Ke Aupuni ʻo ka Poʻomanaʻo. Minneapolis: Hale ʻO Betania, 2003.
Miller, ʻo Russell. ʻArelelo ʻAna Mokuʻa ʻAhae. Lākana: Sphere Books Limited, 1987
Rhodes, Ron. ʻO ka paio o nā moʻomeheu a me nā hoʻomana hou. Luna Nui: Zondervan, 2001.